Which of the differences between cyrus and darius

He was a Persian prophet who lived around B. C, He taught many things to the Persian empire. Which of the differences between Cyrus and Darius do you consider the most important? Cyrus was a military genius, while darius was an administration genius he was very organized and had governors in every province and made large roads for communication.

What methods and tools did Darius use to hold together his empire? How did Cyrus treat the people who he conquered? He was kind with them he never looted or burned the cities he conquered. What did Zoroaster teach? What do the words that appeared on Cyrus tomb suggest about his Character? That he established the Persian empire, and was king of Asia, it suggest he was a proud of what he has done.

How did the royal road help darius maintain the Persian empire? It helped communications and travel around the Persian Empire. What is one of the differences b. Where was Ancient Persia located? How was the land? Who did the Persians have to conquer to establish Persia? How was Cyrus approach to governing and to ruling? What did Cyrus allow the Jews to do that they were extremely grateful for?

What was Darius remember for? What is the significance of the Cyrus cylinder? With the logistical support of Arabian chiefs, Cambyses led his army through northern Sinai, from Gaza to Pelusium. Libya and Cyrenaica quickly followed suit, and preemptively sent tribute to the Persian king.

The Egyptian campaign began roughly in the winter of B. The posthumous attacks upon Amasis are further evidenced by the systematic erasure of his cartouches on both royal and private monuments throughout Egypt, and possible attacks specifically targeting his temples.

While Amasis approved major temple construction projects throughout Egypt, none of his monuments stand today, but survive only as fragmentary blocks. According to Minnesota State University, Mankato: After reducing Memphis after a short siege, Cambyses took steps to assure a legitimate path to the throne. He adopted the double cartouche of the Pharaohs, the royal costume, and laid claim to be the son of Re. He also embraced Egyptian religion and land usage methods, and had a tutor, Uazahor- resenet, to teach him Egyptian customs.

Overall, Cambyses had a profound affect on Egypt, bringing new vigor and quality leadership as well as a genuine interest in the Egyptian way of life. During his reign, Cambyses had destroyed several temples at Memphis and became a tyrant in the eyes of his people and court members.

Some even thought he was crazy due to the outlandish things he would do such as having twelve Persian nobles buried in the ground up to their neck for reason at all. He had many killed because of comments that upset or offended him. It is said that Cambyses reigned for seven years and five months. In an attempt to rush off on one of his horses, Cambyses was wounded in the thigh when a portion of the scabbard of his sword fell off. He soon died from the effects of the wound, which caused the limb to mortify and affect the bone.

Yet after his failed campaigns, Cambyses stormed back to Memphis, reportedly leaving behind a trail of looting, destruction, and impiety that gave him one of the worst reputations in the ancient world.

Many classical authors report that Cambyses stole precious objects from the temples, and the careful damage to the cartouches of Amasis throughout Egypt suggests attacks were primarily directed against his structures during this time.

Upon his return to Memphis, the testy Cambyses could not bear to witness celebrations for the newly crowned Apis and he reportedly murdered the sacred calf. Scholars frequently debate the fragmentary evidence from the Serapeum, but the extant records do not entirely disprove the accusations Herodotus recorded.

Even if Cambyses granted an official Apis burial early in his reign, this does not mean he could not have killed another during a fit of rage.

If anything, native accounts of Cambyses recall legends surrounding Seth, the god of chaos, charged with committing numerous impieties in Egypt during the Late Period.

A decree of Cambyses is preserved on a Demotic papyrus. Although Cambyses may have simply intended to boost the Egyptian economy, the clergy remembered this period as a regrettable hiatus in temple donations, falling between the more beneficent reigns of Amasis and Darius I. Recently discovered temple inscriptions from Amheida Dakhla Oasis reveal the extent of his rebellion.

Furthermore, Aryandes, the first Egyptian satrap, may have tried to break away from the Empire; Darius had him executed for introducing his own coinage; a different tradition maintains that Egyptians revolted against Aryandes and his oppressive policies. Darius I ruled made Persia into a great empire, raised it to the pinnacle of its wealth and glory and added vast lands to the east, west and north.

He was a nephew of Cyrus the Great and a cousin of Cambyses. He died in B. Darius married at least 5 women and had 12 children, including Xerxes, his successor. He ruled for thirty-six years. Darius I, is said to have become king in a very unusual way. His predecessor Cambyses left Egypt in B. Darius was one of seven men who were to find and kill an imposter named Smerdis. Upon the death and beheading of Smerdis and several others who got in the way of the seven men, a massacre broke out when the people saw the heads of the traitors.

The remaining men decided that after they were mounted on their horse, whichever horse neighed first at sunrise should have the kingdom. Darius established an empire that extended from the Mediterranean to the Indus River.

His greatest contribution was perfecting a system of government that could rule such a large empire and bring wealth and military support from all corners of the empire to the central government. He built imperial highways and oversaw the construction of a canal between the Nile and the Red Sea. By comparison, Egypt, Mesopotamia and Assyria were all regional kingdoms. Darius I was very fat and accumulated great wealth. Once he hosted a huge feast in which more than a thousand animals were slaughtered.

Guests were served smoked camel hump, oxen, zebras, gazelles, stags, ostriches, gamecocks, geese, pilaf, kebabs, figs, eggplant stuffed with lamb, poultry with yoghurt sauce, baby lambs stuffed with raisins, peas and pine nuts, deserts, fruits and nuts.

Herodotus wrote that Darius offered to pay his Greek subjects to eat the bodies of their fathers instead of burning them as was their custom. They refused no matter how much was offered them. He then offered to give money to Indians, who customarily ate the bodies of their deceased fathers, if they would burn their bodies.

They also refused no matter how much was offered them. Under Darius the empire was stabilized, with roads for communication and a system of governors satraps established. He added northwestern India to the Achaemenid realm and initiated two major building projects: the construction of royal buildings at Susa and the creation of the new dynastic center of Persepolis, the buildings of which were decorated by Darius and his successors with stone reliefs and carvings.

These show tributaries from different parts of the empire processing toward the enthroned king or conveying the king's throne. The impression is of a harmonious empire supported by its numerous peoples. Darius also consolidated Persia's western conquests in the Aegean. However, in B.

It took the Persians four years to crush the rebellion, although an attack against mainland Greece was repulsed at Marathon in B. Metropolitan Museum of Art, October , metmuseum. A relief panel shows Darius with one foot on the neck of the prostrate Gaumata, behind whom are the captured leaders who attempted to defect.

What is more significant, perhaps, is the figure of the winged disc with a human head, the symbol of Ahura Mazda, god of the Zoroastrian faith.

With Darius, Zoroastrianism became the religion of the Persian court. There is no evidence of any official change in attitude toward the beliefs of the different groups constituting the empire, but, as we shall see, there is ample evidence that some Persian concepts made a lasting impression on Jewish religious thought. From all parts exotic products flowed into central cities. Beautiful new buildings were erected. Communication was facilitated with road improvements, a canal was dug linking the Nile and the Red Sea, and better protection was provided for caravans.

Banking and commerce were encouraged and a coinage system was developed for the empire. Greek mercenaries had fought both for Cambyses and against him in the war with Egypt. Greek power had now become a threat to be reckoned with on Persia's western front. Finally, Darius engaged in war with the Greeks, suffering bitter defeat at Marathon in When Darius died in , the Greek-Persian struggle was inherited by his son, Xerxes. Egyptian images of Darius I showed him dressed in the style of the old Egyptian kings.

According to Minnesota State University, Mankato: He placed his name Darius into hieroglyphic characters within a cartouche as "son of the Sun". Darius has founded a college for the education of the priests. His goal was to erase the negative impressions the Egyptians had of the Persians, including that of Cambyses. His greatest work was the completion of the digging of the canal to join the Nile and Red Sea, which had begun by Necho II. He became acquainted with Egyptian theology and the writings in books.

At one point he gained the title of god, which no other Persian king had done. Darius repaired architectural works, but his greatest attempt was the building of the temple in Oasis Al-Kharga in honor of the god Amen. Darius ruled for thirty-six years.

His most notable accomplishment was the excavation of a canal system at Suez, a feat commemorated by several enormous stelae inscribed in both hieroglyphs and cuneiform. According to the Egyptian versions, Darius consulted with Egyptian officials in his palace at Susa and ordered them to excavate a canal in the Bitter Lakes region.

After its completion, numerous cargo ships set sail in the Red Sea, circumnavigated the Arabian Peninsula, reportedly in cooperation with the Sabaeans of Southern Arabia, and ultimately arrived in Persia. Statues and other large stone objects likely took a similar course from the Wadi Hammamat to Persia via the Red Sea , as well as the thousands of Egyptian workmen shipped to Persepolis, Susa, and other building sites. Nonetheless, there is no reason to assume the Great King was somehow oblivious to the Suez Canal excavation or the various temple construction projects going on throughout Egypt, as these enterprises must have required significant resources, manpower, and organization.

The Pherendates correspon- dence reveals how closely the satrap micro- managed seemingly trivial questions involving sacerdotal appointments at Elephantine during this reign. While Babylonians were charged with clearing rubble and making bricks, Egyptian recruits worked the gold, wood, and decorated the walls. Egyptian style is evident in Achaemenid architecture and reliefs, although the cosmopolitan iconographic program interwove artistic traditions from across the Persian Empire.

Artisans and laborers were not the only Egyptians imported to Persia. Compared to the Saite Period, temple inscriptions, as well as private stelae and statues, became relatively scarce and of lesser quality. Yet unlike Cambyses, Darius I devoted significant resources to Egyptian temples, earning a positive reputation for religious tolerance. In Dakhla Oasis, blocks with similar decoration, almost certainly attributable to Darius I, were reused in the Roman Period temple of Thoth at Amheida.

Nonetheless, assorted votive objects from his reign have been found across Egypt, including faience and bronze objects from Karnak and Dendera, as well as decor ated naoi at Tuna el -Gebel and an unspecified temple of Anubis and Isis , most likely Cynopolis in Upper Egypt At Memphis, three Apis bulls were interred in regnal years 4, 31, and He sent messengers across Egypt summoning all local governors to bring tribute to Memphis and perform a lavish burial.

Xerxes Xerxes ruled B. He was regarded as weak and tyrannical. He spent the early years of his reign putting down rebellions in Egypt and Babylon and preparing to launch another attack on Greece with a huge army that he assumed would easily overwhelm the Greeks.

Herodotus characterizes Xerxes as man a layers of complexity. Yes he could be cruel and arrogant. But he could also be childishly petulant and become tear-eyed with sentimentality. In October, a mummy was found with a golden crown and a cuneiform plaque identifying it as the daughter of King Xerxes was found in a house in the western Pakistani city of Quetta.

The international press described it as a major archeological find. Later it was revealed the mummy was a fake. Baghdad is mixed Sunni and Shia. And in the far north are ethnic Kurds , who are religiously Sunni, but their ethnicity divides them from Arab Sunnis. Baghdad , Iraq's capital city, is located in the country's central desert, where the intensely hot and rain-free summers are the epitome of dry heat. The intense, unfiltered sunshine and very dry air delivered by the prevailing hot , dusty shamal winds combine to produce the daily triple-digit heat.

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